###可选链可替代强制解析

  • 可选链：通过在想调用的属性、方法或子脚本的可选值后面放一个问号，可以定义一个可选链。
  • 强制解析：在可选值后面放一个叹号来强制拆得其封包内的值
class Person {
    var residence: Residence?
}

class Residence {
    var numberOfRooms = 1
}

let john = Person()

let roomCount = john.residence!.numberOfRooms
//将导致运行时错误

if let roomCount = john.residence?.numberOfRooms {
    println("John's residence has \(roomCount) room(s).")
} else {
    println("Unable to retrieve the number of rooms.")
}
// 打印 "Unable to retrieve the number of rooms.

###几个模型类

class Person {
    var residence: Residence?
}

class Residence {
    var rooms = Room[]()
    var numberOfRooms: Int {
    return rooms.count
    }
    subscript(i: Int) -> Room {
        return rooms[i]
    }
    func printNumberOfRooms() {
        println("The number of rooms is \(numberOfRooms)")
    }
    var address: Address?
}

class Room {
    let name: String
    init(name: String) { self.name = name }
}

class Address {
    var buildingName: String?
    var buildingNumber: String?
    var street: String?
    func buildingIdentifier() -> String? {
        if buildingName {
            return buildingName
        } else if buildingNumber {
            return buildingNumber
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}

###通过可选链调用属性

let john = Person()
if let roomCount = john.residence?.numberOfRooms {
    println("John's residence has \(roomCount) room(s).")
} else {
    println("Unable to retrieve the number of rooms.")
}
// 打印 "Unable to retrieve the number of rooms。

###通过可选链调用方法

if john.residence?.printNumberOfRooms() {
    println("It was possible to print the number of rooms.")
} else {
    println("It was not possible to print the number of rooms.")
}
// 打印 "It was not possible to print the number of rooms."。

###使用可选链调用子脚本

if let firstRoomName = john.residence?[0].name {
    println("The first room name is \(firstRoomName).")
} else {
    println("Unable to retrieve the first room name.")
}
// 打印 "Unable to retrieve the first room name."。

###连接多层链接

if let johnsStreet = john.residence?.address?.street {
    println("John's street name is \(johnsStreet).")
} else {
    println("Unable to retrieve the address.")
}
// 打印 "Unable to retrieve the address.”。

END